{"id":4181,"date":"2023-07-21T04:15:56","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T21:15:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/?p=4181"},"modified":"2023-07-18T19:58:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-18T12:58:51","slug":"smart-contracts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/","title":{"rendered":"Smart Contracts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_86 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Daftar Isi <\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Definisi_Smart_Contract\" >Definisi Smart Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Apa_itu_Smart_Contract\" >Apa itu Smart Contract?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Fungsi_Smart_Contract\" >Fungsi Smart Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Contoh_Penggunaan_Smart_Contract_dalam_Kehidupan_Nyata\" >Contoh Penggunaan Smart Contract dalam Kehidupan Nyata<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Cara_Kerja_Smart_Contract\" >Cara Kerja Smart Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#3_Jenis_Smart_Contract\" >3 Jenis Smart Contract<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/smart-contracts-4181\/#Sejarah_dan_Perkembangan_Smart_Contract\" >Sejarah dan Perkembangan Smart Contract<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Definisi_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Definisi Smart Contract<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nick Szabo, yang dianggap sebagai pencipta konsep Smart Contract, menggambarkannya sebagai &#8220;sistem transaksi otomatis digital yang melibatkan dua pihak&#8221;. Dia menganggapnya sebagai &#8220;batu bata&#8221; dasar untuk membangun organisasi terdistribusi di era digital.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sementara itu, Vitalik Buterin, pendiri Ethereum, mendefinisikan Smart Contract sebagai &#8220;mekanisme yang memungkinkan orang untuk membuat perjanjian yang dapat dipaksakan dan dijalankan oleh dirinya sendiri&#8221;. Ethereum adalah platform blockchain yang pertama kali memungkinkan eksekusi Smart Contract.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apa_itu_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Apa itu Smart Contract?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sebuah smart contract adalah sebuah protokol komputer yang dibangun di atas teknologi blockchain. Smart contract memungkinkan transaksi atau prosedur hukum untuk dilakukan secara otomatis, tanpa adanya perantara. Protokol ini menjamin transparansi, keadilan, dan keamanan dalam transaksi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smart contract bertindak seperti &#8216;kontrak&#8217; dalam dunia nyata, hanya saja semuanya berjalan otomatis berdasarkan pada logika dan syarat-syarat yang telah ditentukan sebelumnya oleh para pihak yang terlibat. Smart contract tidak bisa dirubah, hal ini menjamin integritas dan keandalan dari kontrak tersebut.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fungsi_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Fungsi Smart Contract<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smart Contract memiliki fungsi yang cukup luas. Salah satu fungsinya adalah untuk memfasilitasi, memverifikasi, dan menegakkan negosiasi atau pelaksanaan suatu kontrak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ia juga bisa digunakan untuk mendukung transaksi langsung antara pihak tanpa memerlukan perantara.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fungsi lainnya adalah memberikan otomatisasi dan keterbukaan dalam transaksi. Misalnya, jika syarat-syarat kontrak terpenuhi, maka kontrak akan otomatis dijalankan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hal ini mengurangi risiko penipuan, karena semua transaksi ter-record dan ter-verifikasi di dalam blockchain.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Contoh_Penggunaan_Smart_Contract_dalam_Kehidupan_Nyata\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Contoh Penggunaan Smart Contract dalam Kehidupan Nyata<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><b>1. DeFi atau Decentralized Finance<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/defi-desentralized-finance-4189\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DeFi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> adalah revolusi dalam sistem keuangan yang memanfaatkan smart contract di blockchain untuk menghilangkan perantara seperti bank atau <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io/blog\/kamus\/broker-4193\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">broker<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Dalam DeFi, smart contract memainkan peran penting dalam fungsi seperti pinjaman dan borrowing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misalnya, kamu bisa meminjam uang dari pool DeFi, dan ketika kamu mengembalikannya, smart contract akan otomatis mengurus transaksi tersebut.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. Supply Chain Management<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pada manajemen rantai pasokan, smart contract dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan transparansi. Misalnya, setiap kali barang dipindahkan dari satu titik ke titik lain dalam rantai pasokan, informasi tersebut akan direkam dan diverifikasi oleh smart contract. Hal ini memungkinkan pemantauan real-time dan mengurangi kemungkinan penipuan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3. NFT atau Non-Fungible Token<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">NFT adalah jenis aset digital yang unik dan tidak dapat ditukar satu sama lain. Setiap NFT terikat pada smart contract, yang mendefinisikan aspek-aspek seperti kepemilikan dan keaslian.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Misalnya, seorang seniman bisa menciptakan karya seni digital dan mengikatnya ke NFT melalui smart contract, yang kemudian bisa dijual atau ditukar di pasar NFT.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cara_Kerja_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Cara Kerja Smart Contract<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smart contract beroperasi dalam teknologi blockchain, sebuah buku besar digital yang mencatat setiap transaksi yang tidak dapat diubah atau dipalsukan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Saat smart contract dibuat, kode tersebut ditempatkan di blockchain, yang kemudian dieksekusi oleh setiap node dalam jaringan tersebut.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cara kerja smart contract ini melibatkan beberapa langkah. Pertama, kontrak tersebut dirancang dan dikodekan oleh pengembang. Kontrak ini berisi logika dan aturan yang mengatur bagaimana kontrak harus beroperasi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Setelah kontrak diunggah ke blockchain, kontrak itu kemudian menjadi hidup dan dapat mulai beroperasi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ketika suatu kondisi yang ditentukan dalam kontrak dipenuhi, kontrak tersebut secara otomatis akan melaksanakan aksi yang diperintahkan oleh logika kontrak. Tidak ada pihak ketiga yang bisa mengubah atau menginterferensi proses ini, membuatnya aman dari manipulasi.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Jenis_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">3 Jenis Smart Contract<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ada beberapa jenis smart contract, diantaranya:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>1. Deterministic dan Non-Deterministic Smart Contracts<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deterministic Smart Contract adalah kontrak yang hasilnya dapat diprediksi dan sama di setiap node. Sebaliknya, Non-Deterministic Smart Contract menghasilkan hasil yang berbeda di setiap node. Jenis kontrak deterministik biasanya lebih disukai dalam aplikasi blockchain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>2. Stateless dan Stateful Smart Contracts<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stateless Smart Contract tidak menyimpan informasi tentang statusnya, sementara Stateful Smart Contract bisa menyimpan dan mengubah statusnya. Jenis Stateful biasanya lebih kompleks dan membutuhkan lebih banyak sumber daya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>3. Platform-Specific Smart Contracts<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jenis ini adalah smart contract yang dirancang khusus untuk bekerja pada platform blockchain tertentu. Misalnya, kontrak Solidity yang dirancang khusus untuk Ethereum.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sejarah_dan_Perkembangan_Smart_Contract\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 600;\">Sejarah dan Perkembangan Smart Contract<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Konsep smart contract pertama kali diusulkan oleh Nick Szabo pada tahun 1994, jauh sebelum munculnya Bitcoin atau blockchain. Namun, ide ini belum bisa diwujudkan karena belum ada teknologi yang mendukung.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Moment penting dalam sejarah smart contract adalah munculnya Bitcoin pada tahun 2009. Walaupun Bitcoin sendiri tidak mendukung smart contract, namun teknologi blockchain yang menjadi dasar Bitcoin inilah yang menjadi fondasi bagi smart contract.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pada tahun 2015, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io\/kripto\/eth\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ethereum<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> diluncurkan, platform ini memungkinkan eksekusi smart contract, menjadi tonggak sejarah yang penting. Ethereum memperkenalkan konsep &#8220;DApps&#8221; atau aplikasi terdesentralisasi, yang pada dasarnya adalah aplikasi yang berjalan pada smart contract.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sejak saat itu, banyak platform blockchain lain yang mendukung smart contract telah muncul, seperti <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nanovest.io\/kripto\/ada\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cardano<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, NEO, dan EOS. Smart contract juga mulai digunakan dalam berbagai bidang, dari DeFi, NFT, hingga supply chain management.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Smart contract telah berkembang pesat dan terus mengeksplorasi berbagai potensi dan aplikasi baru. Dengan berbagai inovasi dan peningkatan yang terus menerus, masa depan smart contract tampaknya akan menjadi lebih menarik dan bermanfaat.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cari tahu apa itu Smart Contracts, fungsi, contoh, cara kerja dan berbagai hal lainnya yang saling berkaitan hanya di Kamus Investasi Nanovest<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4264,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[5],"class_list":["post-4181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-kamus","tag-indonesia"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO Pro 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cari tahu apa itu Smart Contracts, fungsi, contoh, cara kerja dan berbagai hal lainnya yang saling berkaitan hanya di Kamus Investasi Nanovest\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" 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